MAT a Misunderstanding

Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) has been a big topic of debate for people in recovery. Old-school users will tell an individual it is cheating to use one substance to get off another, which makes you "not sober/clean." In new-age recovery, however, you will find more people on MAT than not. So, what's the big deal? Many argue that using a MAT program prolongs the coming-off process and further feeds into addiction. There have been heavy debates even about the involvement of pharmaceutical companies that issued opioids during the opioid pandemic in the early 2000s and their ties to MAT substances that could relieve the pain of withdrawal.

It is important to consider that addiction does not just mean a reliance on a substance, which is why MAT gets a bad reputation. For example, most people on hard drugs or alcohol will do anything they can to get their substance of choice. They might rob someone for money, rob a store, harm other people, harm themselves, sell their bodies, or even sell other people’s bodies—the list goes on. Not only would someone on drugs or alcohol do these things to ensure they can use, but they also think about their substance of choice 24/7. It becomes their identity, causing them to block out and ignore the world around them.

Most on MAT are not like their past selves. They forgo the criminal activity, get jobs, attend recovery programs, and even start families. Is there the potential for abuse with MAT? Yes, just like with any substance or medication. The journey ultimately is up to the person on MAT, their doctor or counselor, and their family.

Below is a list I made of pros and cons to MAT management for you to further digest.

The Pros and Cons of Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) for Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorders

Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) has emerged as a crucial tool in the fight against substance use disorders, particularly for those struggling with alcohol and opioid addiction. By combining FDA-approved medications with counseling and behavioral therapies, MAT aims to provide a holistic approach to recovery. However, like any treatment method, it has its advantages and drawbacks. Below, we explore the pros and cons of MAT for alcohol and opioid addiction.

Pros of MAT

1. Increased Success Rates

MAT has been shown to significantly improve recovery outcomes by reducing relapse rates. Medications such as methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone for opioid use disorder, and acamprosate, disulfiram, and naltrexone for alcohol use disorder, help patients manage cravings and withdrawal symptoms, leading to higher retention in treatment programs.

2. Reduction in Overdose Risk

One of the primary benefits of MAT for opioid use disorder is its ability to prevent overdose deaths. Medications like buprenorphine and methadone help stabilize individuals, lowering their likelihood of relapse and reducing the chance of a fatal overdose.

3. Improvement in Quality of Life

MAT allows individuals to regain stability in their lives, improving their ability to maintain employment, rebuild relationships, and engage in meaningful social activities. Many patients experience a significant reduction in substance-related health problems and improved mental well-being.

4. Lowered Criminal Activity and Healthcare Costs

Studies have shown that MAT reduces drug-related criminal behavior and decreases healthcare costs associated with emergency room visits and complications from untreated addiction.

5. Support for Long-Term Recovery

Because MAT is often combined with counseling and behavioral therapies, it supports long-term recovery by addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of addiction.

Cons of MAT

1. Potential for Dependence

Some MAT medications, such as methadone and buprenorphine, are opioids themselves. While they are safer and more controlled than illicit drugs, they can still lead to dependency if not managed properly.

2. Stigma and Misconceptions

There is still widespread stigma surrounding MAT, with some viewing it as merely substituting one drug for another. This misconception can deter individuals from seeking or continuing treatment.

3. Side Effects and Medical Risks

Like all medications, MAT drugs come with potential side effects, including nausea, dizziness, constipation, and sleep disturbances. Some, like disulfiram for alcohol use disorder, can cause severe reactions if alcohol is consumed.

4. Access and Cost Barriers

Not everyone has easy access to MAT due to cost, availability of providers, and insurance coverage limitations. Rural areas, in particular, often lack clinics or physicians authorized to prescribe MAT.

5. Commitment to Long-Term Treatment

MAT is not a quick fix and often requires long-term commitment. Some individuals may find it challenging to adhere to the treatment plan, especially if they must take daily medication or attend regular clinic visits.

Conclusion

MAT has revolutionized addiction treatment by providing an evidence-based approach that improves recovery rates and reduces overdose risks. However, it is not without challenges. Understanding the pros and cons can help individuals make informed decisions about whether MAT is the right choice for them. The key to success with MAT is combining it with counseling, peer support, and lifestyle changes to achieve sustainable recovery.